An execution that went wrong

The condemned man who chose the bullet over the rope

Wallace Wilkerson died slowly on this ground in 1879, in a firing squad shooting that failed to kill him outright.
Last reviewed 12 September 2026 · A two-minute read · 1849–now
The short answer

At 2230 North in Provo, Utah, Wallace Wilkerson was executed by firing squad in 1879 after choosing the bullet over the rope; the shots missed his heart, and he took several minutes to die. Thirty years earlier, militia had killed dozens of Timpanogos Ute people near the same ground at Fort Utah.

The condemned man who chose the bullet over the rope — Provo
Cafe Rio, a favorite former dining spot for Ken and Alicia, both separately and together. — 2007 · Ken Lund · CC BY-SA 2.0
May 1879

Wilkerson chose the bullet and got a slower death

Wallace Wilkerson stood tied to a chair, a target pinned over his heart. Four men raised their rifles. Utah Territory had convicted him of murder two years earlier. Utah law at the time gave a condemned man a choice: hang or face a firing squad. Wilkerson chose the bullet.

He may have shifted at the last second, or the marksmen may simply have aimed badly. The shots missed his heart and tore through his chest and arm instead. Wilkerson did not die at once. Witnesses said he lived for several minutes, in visible pain, before death finally came. Newspapers across the country reported the account. The botched shooting became one of the arguments later used against firing squads as a method of execution.

Wilkerson was not a public figure before his crime. Wallace Wilkerson is remembered now almost entirely for the way he died. He tried to choose the quicker death and got the slower one instead.

He lived for several minutes after the volley, in front of witnesses who had come expecting it to be over at once.
February 1850

Militia killed dozens of Ute people at Fort Utah

Thirty years before Wilkerson faced the firing squad, a much larger verdict was carried out near this ground. Mormon settlers built Fort Utah in 1849. They planted it directly on a campsite the Timpanogos Ute people had used for generations. The fort sat in the path of their hunting trails. Within a year, militia acting under orders from Brigham Young attacked the Timpanogos there. Between forty and a hundred Ute men died. One or two Ute women were killed as well. One militiaman lost his life. The Battle at Fort Utah left no trial, no jury, no chosen method of death. It was a verdict handed down by rifle alone, on ground that would later host a courtroom's version of the same thing.

The fort was built on a Ute campsite a year before the killing began.
1849 to 1895

Smoot's generation built the law that shot Wilkerson

Abraham Owen Smoot helped build the settlement that grew out of that fort. It became a town with courts, juries, and the machinery to carry out a sentence like Wilkerson's. Smoot was a Mormon pioneer who spent his later decades in Provo, shaping its civic and religious institutions until his death there in 1895. He belonged to the generation that turned a fortified camp into a place with laws on the books. The laws were detailed enough to let a condemned man choose his own manner of dying. The firing squad that killed Wilkerson in 1879 answered to a legal order Smoot's generation had built. The rifles were different from the militia's. The ground was the same.

The ground kept handing down sudden verdicts long after the courts and the militias had gone quiet.
March 2026

A crash at the junction killed a passenger

At the intersection of 2230 North and University Avenue, a crash happened. It killed a 90-year-old woman riding as a passenger. Two vehicles collided there. The other driver was taken to a hospital in stable condition. No firing squad, no militia order, no trial. Just a junction that turned fatal in an instant, the way this stretch of ground has done before, in older and more deliberate forms.

The road at 2230 North still carries traffic past a stretch of Provo that has settled its harshest outcomes for over a century and a half.

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Where this is

40.262°N 111.660°W TILE ≈ 1.2 × 0.6 KM
Place
2230 North
Town
Provo
Country
United States
Tile
≈1.2 × 0.6 km (geohash6)
Last reviewed
12 September 2026

The layers, in order

Sourced records, high and medium confidence. Era background is marked as such.
Deep time
The soil beneath this stretch of Provo is stream and floodplain alluvium, sand, silt, clay and gravel laid down within the last 11,700 years by the Provo River system.
Era background — not a record of this tile · Macrostrat
Modern
About 550 meters east, Brigham Young University's Museum of Peoples and Cultures holds over a million archaeological and ethnological objects, most from South America, Mesoamerica, the Southwest, the Great Basin, and Polynesia.
1849
In 1849 Mormon settlers raised Fort Utah on ground the Timpanogos Ute had used for generations as a major campsite along their hunting trails, a decision that helped trigger the following year's violence.
February 8-17, 1850
In February 1850 Mormon militia under Brigham Young's orders attacked Timpanogos Ute people at Fort Utah, a few hundred meters from here, killing an estimated 40 to 100 Ute men and one or two Ute women, against one militiaman.
1866
Titus Billings, a Mormon leader born in 1793, died in Provo in 1866.
Wikipedia: Titus Billings · record, medium
1879
Wallace Wilkerson, a condemned murderer, was executed by firing squad by the Territory of Utah and died in Provo in 1879.
1895
Abraham Owen Smoot, a Mormon pioneer and prominent early Utah figure, died in Provo in 1895.
Wikipedia: Abraham O. Smoot · record, medium
1932
George H. Brimhall, the first President of Brigham Young University, died in Provo in 1932.
1936
Albert B. Reagan, a BYU professor, anthropologist and author, died in Provo in 1936.
Wikipedia: Albert B. Reagan · record, medium
1938
Aubert Côté, who competed as an Olympic wrestler, died in Provo in 1938.
Wikipedia: Aubert Côté · record, medium
1955
Ida Smoot Dusenberry, an American Mormon leader, died in Provo in 1955.
March 31, 2026
A 90-year-old passenger died after two vehicles collided at this intersection in 2026.
Gephardt Daily · record, high

Questions about this place

Answered in one sentence, then in full above
What happened at 2230 North in Provo in 1879?
Wallace Wilkerson, convicted of murder, was executed there by firing squad after choosing that method over hanging. The shots missed his heart and struck his chest and arm instead, and witnesses said he lived for several minutes before dying.
What was here before the town of Provo was built?
The ground near this site was a campsite the Timpanogos Ute people had used for generations along their hunting trails, before Mormon settlers built Fort Utah on it in 1849.
What was the Battle at Fort Utah?
It was an attack by Mormon militia, acting under orders from Brigham Young, on Timpanogos Ute people at Fort Utah in February 1850. Between forty and a hundred Ute men died, along with one or two Ute women, against one militiaman.
Why did Wallace Wilkerson choose a firing squad?
Utah Territory law at the time allowed a condemned man to choose between hanging and a firing squad, and Wilkerson chose the bullet, expecting a quicker death.
What happened at the intersection of 2230 North and University Avenue in 2026?
Two vehicles collided there in March 2026, killing a 90-year-old woman who was riding as a passenger. The other driver was taken to hospital in stable condition.

Where this came from

1
Gephardt Daily — Fatal crash at 2230 North and University Avenue
2
Wikipedia: Battle at Fort Utah — Militia attack on Timpanogos Ute people at Fort Utah
4
Wikipedia: Wallace Wilkerson — Wallace Wilkerson executed by firing squad in Provo
5
Wikipedia: Titus Billings — Titus Billings, Mormon leader, died in Provo
6
Wikipedia: Abraham O. Smoot — Abraham O. Smoot, Mormon pioneer, died in Provo
7
Wikipedia: George H. Brimhall — George H. Brimhall, first BYU president, died in Provo
8
Wikipedia: Albert B. Reagan — Albert B. Reagan, BYU anthropologist, died in Provo
9
Wikipedia: Aubert Côté — Aubert Côté, Olympic wrestler, died in Provo
10
Wikipedia: Ida Smoot Dusenberry — Ida Smoot Dusenberry, Mormon leader, died in Provo
11
Wikipedia: Brigham Young University Museum of Peoples and Cultures — BYU Museum of Peoples and Cultures, a short walk east

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